What’s in Permanent Makeup Pigments? A Behind-the-Scenes Look

Erik Berntsen
Oct 12
2 min read

If you're considering permanent makeup—like microblading, lip blushing, or eyeliner—you’re probably focused on the results. But have you ever wondered what's actually going into your skin? Understanding how cosmetic tattoo pigments and inks are made can help you feel more confident and informed before your appointment.

Where Do Permanent Makeup Pigments Come From?

Pigments are made from two types of colorants:

Inorganic pigments – These are often made from iron oxides, which are naturally occurring minerals. They’re great for soft, natural-looking tones like browns and taupes.
Organic pigments – These are synthetically (man) made, and they give brighter, more vibrant colors like pinks and reds for lips.

These pigments are sourced from specialized chemical manufacturers around the world—mostly in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. Reputable permanent makeup brands buy only high-quality, cosmetic-grade pigments made specifically for use in the skin.

How Are the Inks Made?

The production process is carefully controlled to make sure the pigments are safe and effective. Here’s how it works:

Pigment is selected and tested for things like stability, safety, and skin compatibility.
The pigment is milled into a fine powder, so it can go smoothly into the skin and stay put.
The powder is mixed with a carrier liquid—this helps the pigment spread evenly. Carriers usually include things like glycerin, alcohol, or purified water.
The mixture is then sterilized to remove any bacteria or contaminants.
Finally, it’s packaged in sterile, sealed bottles, ready to be used by trained professionals.

Every step is designed to reduce the risk of infection, allergic reactions, or poor color results.

What’s Inside the Pigments?

Common formulations include:

Iron oxides – Used for browns and earth tones.
Titanium dioxide – Helps lighten or soften colors.
Carbon black – A deep black pigment, usually for eyeliner.
Azo dyes – Bright synthetic colors, often found in lip shades.

Reputable brands will avoid harmful substances like heavy metals and ensure that everything is skin-safe.

Are PMU Pigments FDA Approved?

This is a common question! In the U.S., the FDA does regulate the color additives used in cosmetics (including permanent makeup), but it does not pre-approve individual PMU pigment brands. That means it’s up to manufacturers to follow safety standards and use approved color ingredients.

The good news? Many of the best PMU pigment companies voluntarily follow strict safety guidelines, including third-party lab testing and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Always ask your artist what brand they use and whether the pigments are tested and approved for cosmetic use.

The Bottom Line

Permanent makeup is more than skin deep—what goes into your skin matters. Choosing an experienced artist who uses high-quality, clean, and tested pigments is one of the best ways to protect your health and get the beautiful, long-lasting results you’re looking for.

So at your next consultation, don’t be shy—ask about the pigments, and make sure they’re coming from a trusted, reputable source. Your skin deserves it!